Essay about First-Person Narration Techniques in Cathedral

A first-person narration provides an interesting perspective on the main action of a story. A narrator can express his/her own thoughts and feelings, which in turn develops a more personal and relatable story to the reader. Raymond Carver often uses this literary point-of-view tactic in his short stories to reveal the traits of the narrator. In Cathedral, Carver uses conversational tone and diction to reveal the narrators character; which is prejudicial at first, but becomes empathic by the end. Knowing this narrators characteristics facilitates the readers understanding of major components of the story, such as the narrators hostility to Robert, his loser-like sociality, and the climax of opening up to Robert. One way Carver†¦show more content†¦This bitterness and sarcasm is revealed as strong characteristics of the narrator. Throughout the majority of the story, the narrator continues shows his distaste for any happy situation. Much like the hyphenated asides, Carver implements fragmented sentences behind description, to show the narrator pausing for a moment of color commentary. I saw my wife laughing as she parked the car. I saw her get out of the car and shut the door. She was still wearing a smile. Just amazing (Cathedral 214). This quote illustrates the narrators inclination to state his subjective disbelief of a situation with which he does not agree. The sour statement, just amazing, while unnecessary to the storyline, depicts exactly this. Carver specifically makes the writing seem hostile and cynical, by his use of conversational tone. As a result, we connect these characteristics of the writing with that of the narrator. Through the authors use of diction, more aspects of the narrators personality are revealed. Simply from word choice, we learn that the narrator is prejudicial towards others, and jealous of other mens relationships with his wife. When facing the situation of Robert coming to town to visit his wife, the narrator blatantly expresses that a blind man in my house was not something I looked forward to (Carver 209). This repeated substitution of blind manShow MoreRelatedEssay about Two Levels of Meaning in Carver’s Cathedral1007 Words   |  5 Pages . Two Levels of Meaning in Cathedral nbsp; The short story Cathedral by Raymond Carver develops characters with a dualistic depth. On the surface they have believable human attitudes and attributes, but there is also a level functioning that offers another interpretation. Carver is not only creating a realistic human picture, he uses the old story of the deliverer and reworks it into something unique, fresh. He takes the characters and binds them in the mind of his readersRead MoreW.S. L.P.Hartley Interpretation2168 Words   |  9 Pagesabstract given in the Unit 3, we may say that it has its own climax – the description of panic Walter feels when he receives the third postcard (â€Å"A wave of panic surged up in Walter Streeter†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). There’re two plot techniques used by the author. The first one is the straight line narration – the plain, chronological representation of events. The second one is the retardation, which is presented mostly through Walter’s wavering, the life of his mind. As the story is a thriller, the author withdraws someRead MoreElements of Postmodernism in Ishmael Reeds Mumbo Jumbo, Don Delillos White Noise, Toni Morrisons Beloved and Thomas Pynchons the Crying of Lot 496348 Words   |  26 Pagespostmodernisms most distinguishable elements. Throught these four novels one can perceive the concepts of potmodernism, from its assault upon traditional narratives to the role of the individual in an impersonal, emotionless society. The narrative techniques applied by the authors are entirely consistent with the postmodern strive to break up the structure of the text and to involve the reader and give him a significant role in the creation process. White Noise is abundant in lists of three productsRead MoreIntramuros a Must See4034 Words   |  17 Pagesmost people go relieve themselves with the history of Manila and the whole Philippines is quite big as it was the capital of the Philippines during the Spanish Era. Therefore the mode of transportation needed to explore the Walled City should be the first thing a tourist should think about. There are many ways to tour around Intramuros and these can either be by walking, by riding a pedicab, by hiring a Kalesa, or by going for a tour program. One of the ways to tour Intramuros is touring by foot which

Gender Roles Of Men And Women Have Been Present In Society

Gender roles of men and women have been present in society for a number of years, and the traditional roles have stuck through all the cultural changes. What about the people who do not identify themselves with their born gender but, instead another? How are they affected by how society sees them for not conforming to the traditional gender roles? Transgender people are faced with many judgements from their community based on how they identify themselves, their actions and how they express themselves. Many of the people that judge these individuals do not understand the affect that this can put on a transgender person psychologically. In this essay I will first discuss societies view on traditional gender roles, next I will talk about the†¦show more content†¦The women are seen to be the more emotional ones and are more in touch with their feelings and they give off a warm and caring feeling. Women give off this vibe because they are physically small and delicate. There are psychological effects on people who follow traditional gender roles in society. From birth, children are socialized to conform to certain gender roles based on their biological sex. It occurs through four major groups of socialization: family, education, peer groups, and the media. The attitudes and expectations surrounding gender roles are based not on natural gender differences, but on stereotypes about the attitudes, traits, or behavior patterns that women or men should have. Gender roles can be influenced in the family setting when the children observes the behaviors of the parents. For example, the mother cooks, tends to the kids, and can sew to fix clothing, while the father mows the lawn, washes the car, fixes appliances. Children catch on to these gender role cues quite easily and continue the cycle into adulthood. In the education settingShow MoreRelatedGender Equality Based Upon Society Essay1619 Words   |  7 PagesGender Equality Based Upon Society For many decades, gender equality has been an issue all around the world. Males have always had more advantages than females in different aspects. Gender equality is the view that all men and women should have the same rights no matter what their gender is. In the majority of the cases, men have always had more opportunities than women. They easily obtain advantages just because they are men. On the other hand, women have had fewer opportunities than men, andRead MoreGender Roles During The Years Men And Women Essay1594 Words   |  7 PagesGender Roles in Society Over the years men and women have been given gender roles that they are pressured to follow. According to Amy Blackstone, â€Å"gender roles are based on the different expectations that individuals, groups and societies have of individuals based on their sex†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (2003). In other words, gender roles are social norms and expectations, created and accepted by society, based on a person’s gender. There have been different gender roles throughout the different time eras and in some erasRead MoreGender Roles And Gender Inequality1262 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout history, there has always been the role of both the male and the female in society. As time passed and civilization progressed, the question of the role of the women has also changed. Men and women in society have had many differences, which included things such as gender roles, gender inequality, inequality in the workforce, and sex discrimination. Also, the questions of what it takes to be a man or to be a w oman is very important. For many different cultures, gender differences are extremely importantRead MoreGender Roles Of Women And Men845 Words   |  4 PagesIn today’s society both male and female are expected to play specific gender roles. In Canada women and men are thought of as equal, having the same rights to respect, autonomy, and independence (Bonvillain and Miller 2013: 39). The CBSA ignored this right when the agency allowed religious travellers to avoid female guards. Although men and women may have different roles in their households and communities, their work and activities are equally valued and socially rewarded (Bonvillain and MillerRead MoreThe Canadian Border Services Agency852 Words   |  4 PagesIn today’s society, both male and female are expected to play specific gender roles. In Canada women and men are thought of as equal, having the same rights to respect, autonomy, and independence (Bonvillain and Miller 2013: 39). The Canadian Border Ser vices Agency ignored this right when the agency allowed religious travelers to avoid female guards. Although men and women may have different roles in their households and communities, their work and activities are equally valued and socially rewardedRead MoreGender Roles : The Tent Peg1294 Words   |  6 PagesSociety determines how males and females should think, speak, dress, and interact. Gender roles are expectations of how a person should think, speak, and dress based on our sex. In most cases, it is the woman’s responsibility to take care of the house, which includes cleaning, meal preparations, raising and taking care of the children. Compared to the men who take care of the more physical activities, such as handy work and physical labor. Although the intensity of gender roles has changed, it stillRead MoreGender Inequality : A Good Understanding Of The Social Inequality Essay1487 Words   |  6 Pagesfeel the necessity to have a good understanding of the social ine qualities around me. Although, women have socially grown with more power over the years, it is not enough to equalize with the men. For example, the pay gap difference between men and women for not having the â€Å"testosterone bonus† even though the same education and qualifications are present. I hope that over time I will be able to experience a change and have the same equal rights as men because I feel that I have deserved it. I planRead MoreThe Struggle Of Women s Equality1692 Words   |  7 Pagesa way to go for women to achieve equality’ Summary Women have had significant changes in their lives from the past to present in terms of employment as they are more and more being moved away from the household, being able to work like regular men today. Proportion of women in the total workforce is increasing and consequently they compete successfully for higher income jobs such as chief executives. They even have been moving into jobs that in the past were only allocated to men. While these signsRead MoreEssay on Equal and Alike1158 Words   |  5 Pagesdifference between a man and a woman, but it goes even deeper than biology and chromosomes. Men and woman are often seen as polar opposites, but when the genetics and physiology are set aside, the difference between masculinity and femininity is less clear. Aaron H. Devor wrote in his 1989 article, Becoming Members of Society: Learning the Social Meanings of Gender, that due to the structure of American society, â€Å"masculinity thus becomes ‘innately’ valuable and f emininity serves a contrapuntal functionRead MoreThe Role Of Gender Roles In The Elizabethan Era1075 Words   |  5 Pagesstereotypical topic of gender roles in early history is the definition of the Elizabethan Era. Since the beginning of time females has been ranked below all male figures in status as well as a work force. Furthermore, the men were known to be the breadwinners for the family whereas the women were meant to stay at home housewife (Sharnette). Throughout history this storetype has evolved, but an average day for a male and female during the Elizabethan Era is rather contrasting. With women having little to

The Myth Of The Earnings Yield Essay Example For Students

The Myth Of The Earnings Yield Essay a href=http://www.geocities.com/vaksam/Sam Vaknins Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web SitesA very slim minority of firms distribute dividends. This truism has revolutionary implications. In the absence of dividends, the foundation of most if not all of the financial theories we employ in order to determine the value of shares, is falsified. These theories rely on a few implicit and explicit assumptions: (a) That the (fundamental) value of a share is closely correlated (or even equal to) its market (stock exchange or transaction) price (b) That price movements (and volatility) are mostly random, though correlated to the (fundamental) value of the share (will always converge to that value in the long term) (c) That this fundamental value responds to and reflects new information efficiently (old information is fully incorporated in it) Investors are supposed to discount the stream of all future income from the share (using one of a myriad of possible rates all hotly disputed). Only dividends constitute meaningful income and since few companies engage in the distribution of dividends, theoreticians were forced to deal with expected dividends rather than paid out ones. The best gauge of expected dividends is earnings. The higher the earnings the more likely and the higher the dividends. Even retained earnings can be regarded as deferred dividends. Retained earnings are re-invested, the investments generate earnings and, again, the likelihood and expected size of the dividends increase. Thus, earnings though not yet distributed were misleadingly translated to a rate of return, a yield using the earnings yield and other measures. It is as though these earnings WERE distributed and created a RETURN in other words, an income to the investor. The reason for the perpetuation of this misnomer is that, according to all current theories of finance, in the absence of dividends shares are worthless. If an investor is never likely to receive inc ome from his holdings then his holdings are worthless. Capital gains the other form of income from shareholding is also driven by earnings but it does not feature in financial equations. Yet, these theories and equations stand in stark contrast to market realities. People do not buy shares because they expect to receive a stream of future income in the form of dividends. Everyone knows that dividends are fast becoming a thing of the past. Rather, investors buy shares because they hope to sell them to other investors later at a higher price. In other words, investors do expect to realize income from their shareholdings but in the form of capital gains. The price of a share reflects its discounted expected capital gains (the discount rate being its volatility) NOT its discounted future stream of income. The volatility of a share (and the distribution of its prices), in turn, are a measure of expectations regarding the availability of willing and able buyers (investors). Thus, the expected capital gains are comprised of a fundamental element (the expected discounted earnings) adjusted for volatility (the latter being a measure of expectations regarding the distribution of availability of willing and able buyers per given price range). Earnings come into the picture merely as a yardstick, a calibrator, a benchmark figure. Capital gains are created when the value of the firm whose shares are traded increases. Such an increase is more often than not correlated with the future stream of income to the FIRM (NOT to the shareholder!!!). This strong correlation is what binds earnings and capital gains together. It is a correlation which might indicate causation and yet might not. But, in any case, that earnings are a good proxy to capital gains is not disputable. And this is why investors are obsessed by earnings figures. Not because higher earnings mean higher dividends now or at any point in the future. But because earnings are an excellent predictor of the future value of the firm and, thus, of expected capital gains. Put more plainly: the higher the earnings, the higher the market valuation of the firm, the bigger the willingness of investors to purchase the shares at a higher price, the higher the capital gains. Again, this may not be a causal chain but the correlation is strong. This is a philosophical shift from rational measures (such as fundamental analysis of future income) to irrational ones (the future value of share-ownership to various types of investors). It is a transition from an efficient market (all new information is immediately available to all rational investors and is incorporated in the price of the share instantaneously) to an inefficient one (the most important information is forever lacking or missing altogether: how many investors wish to buy the share at a given price at a given moment). An income driven market is open in the sense that it depends on newly acquired information and reacts to it efficiently (it is hi ghly liquid). But it is also closed because it is a zero sum game, even in the absence of mechanisms for selling it short. One investors gain is anothers loss and all investors are always hunting for bargains (because what is a bargain can be evaluated objectively and independent of the state of mind of the players). The distribution of gains and losses is pretty even. The general price level amplitudes around an anchor. A capital gains driven market is open in the sense that it depends on new streams of capital (on new investors). As long as new money keeps pouring in, capital gains expectations will be maintained and realized. But the amount of such money is finite and, in this sense, the market is closed. Upon the exhaustion of available sources of funding, the bubble tends to burst and the general price level implodes, without a floor. This is more commonly described as a pyramid scheme or, more politely, an asset bubble. This is why portfolio models (CAPM and others) are unlike ly to work. Diversification is useless when shares and markets move in tandem (contagion) and they move in tandem because they are all influenced by one critical factor and only by one factor -the availability of future buyers at given prices. .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225 , .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225 .postImageUrl , .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225 , .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225:hover , .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225:visited , .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225:active { border:0!important; } .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225:active , .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225 .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf537dfd395a31e786e904547a7f66225:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Huck Finn 10 Essay We will write a custom essay on The Myth Of The Earnings Yield specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now

The Noahs ark myth

Noah’s Ark is a vessel, which according to the Book of Genesis (chapters 6-9), was built by Noah at God’s command to save himself, his family, and the world’s animals from a global torrent.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Noah’s ark myth specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Bailey (10) observes that â€Å"the narrative of the ark is found in Abrahamic religions such as Judaism, Christianity and Islam.† In this essay the real account of events shall be explained and then the truth and logic in them will be analyzed. It is therefore an analysis of the events that are written in the bible and how true they could be in relation to the current world. God realized that mankind was very wicked and therefore decided to sweep people out of the planet. Nonetheless, there was one righteous man called Noah and his family of 8 persons. Noah warned people to stop their wicked ways but no one listened to him, but instead they mocked him. God therefore instructed Noah to build an ark in which he, his family and the animals would stay while he destroyed human kind with water. â€Å"Then the LORD said to Noah, ‘Come into the ark, you and your entire household, for I have seen that you are righteous. Take with you seven pairs of all clean animals, the male and his mate; and a pair of the animals that are not clean† (Emerton 6). At this time Noah was 600 years old; the ark was built it for almost 120 years, but despite the mockery Noah got from the people. Emerton (7) describes the ark as a â€Å"barge-like structure probably built of cypress or cedar, 450 feet long by 75 feet wide and 45 feet high.† The ark of this size would therefore put out of place approximately 20,000 tons because it would weigh 14,000 tons; it had, three decks, one door on the side and a window 18 inches high. The first deck was for the food, the second for accommodation and he thir d for waste. The ark was therefore big enough for the animals since they were the most and the small family of Noah. When it was done Noah parked food for him and the animals to last them till the floods were over. â€Å"He then led animals into the ark seven pairs of each clean species and one pair of the unclean† (Emerton 69). As they entered they were harassed by the sinful mankind but God put his toughest creatures such as lions and tigers to protect them.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More After they had all entered into the ark, God opened the fountains of the deep waters and the windows of heaven and it rained for days and nights. The world was covered with water for 150 days, even the highest mountains were all under water therefore destroying every sinful; mankind that was in existence. Noah waited for the waters to dry up and the ark rested on the peak of Mount Ararat and as the waters resided Noah would send ravens every seven days out to check whether the waters had dried up. They stayed on the mountain peak for five months until he sent a dove that confirmed that the water had dried up by bringing him an olive twig meaning that vegetation was growing and when he sent it again it did not return meaning it had found some where to stay. They came out of the ark with the animals one by one and Noah decided to offer sacrifice to God for saving him and his family. God was pleased and he made a covenant with him using a rainbow in the sky to never to destroy mankind with floods again because man was born evil. â€Å"I will never again curse the ground because of man, for the imagination of man’s heart is evil from his youth; neither will I ever again destroy every living creature as I have done† (Emerton 18). He ordered the animals to be fruitful and fill the world again and so were the three sons of Noah from whom the whole of m ankind was born. The above events seem to be true according the history of the planet because some of its geographical features could be as result of the massive flood. However some of these facts are disputable; some of these are the ages of these people that existed then. Noah is said to have been 600 years when he was ordered to build the ark, which he did so in 120 years. It’s disputable how long man could live then considering that the current man can only live at most a sixth of Noah’s age which is a very big variance. The change in man’s lifespan could be attributed to the changes in ecosystem caused by the flood but still that variance is unimaginable. The ark was built in 120 years that would mean that even after a century mankind did not get the message, a very disputable fact too and also apparently out of 7 billon people only 8 people were righteous (Bailey 205). Animals are also said to have been led to the ark, animals do not have the brain capacit y to cooperate and be led to an ark more so in pairs. Moreover, how could herbivores and carnivores live in the same ark and yet not maul on each other? The carnivores would have also eradicated Noah and his family in the process of putting them in the ark, leave alone living in the ark.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Noah’s ark myth specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Noah sent a dove to check whether the waters had dried up, how did it identify that was its mission and that it should come back. The food lasted them a year, but how was this food preserved for so long, and finally how could have Noah and his family built such a strong ark to survive such a massive flood without any sophisticated scientific and technological knowledge. Furthermore, the waters from the flood are said to be from the fountains of the deep seas: where are those fountains that released so much water? Where did the water evapo rate to because to submerge the entire earth surface a lot of water was really needed and it is not seen today? Scientists claim that the water is below the earth deep into the underground but they also say that for such amounts of water to be trapped so deep there must have been a lot of pressure applied. Scientists attest to the flood occurrence but they claim it was due to the break up of a planet between Mars and Jupiter hence causing the floods that subsequently led to too much pressure on earth hence the waters was forced underground. The mountains are also said to have formed at this point and so is the continents due to the immense pressure of the waters, hence before the floods there were no mountains where did the ark stop. Aviators, Christians and other interested people have explored Mount Ararat in turkey to find the ark remains but no evidence has been found yet. The ark story can not be considered a lie altogether because if there were floods then there must have been people who survived it, and for them to survive there must have been some one to protect them. The changes in ecosystem could be the reason of the changes in man as it is evident on what evolution can do. However, some things remain unbelievable but humankind has no other information to prove them wrong and such are the book of Genesis stories. Science could answer some questions but still leave out some that the bible answers but still the bible answers some while others it does not. Therefore, whether to believe the story or not will depend on the method of achieving rationality being used which is influenced by several factors depending on one’s environment and the culture and beliefs that one is exposed to.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Works Cited Bailey, Lloyd. Noah, the Person and the Story. South Carolina: University of South Carolina Press, 1989. Print. Emerton, Jackson. An Examination of Some Attempts to Defend the Unity of the Flood Narrative in Genesis: Part II. Vetus Testamentum XXXVIII. (1988): 1-21. Print. This essay on The Noah’s ark myth was written and submitted by user Anderson Everett to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.